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Answer :
When a solid is dissolved in water in a calorimeter, it undergoes a phase transition, typically becoming part of the liquid solution. This is due to the heat absorbed that helps overcome intermolecular attractive forces in the solid.
When solid X is dissolved in water in a constant-pressure calorimeter, it undergoes a phase transition as the heat is absorbed by solid X, providing the energy required to overcome intermolecular attractive forces in the solid, causing it to dissolve. This is a similar process to when ice absorbs heat, causing a phase transition to liquid water until all the ice has melted. In a calorimeter, we assume that the calorimeter prevents heat transfer between the solution and its external environment and that the specific heat of the solution is the same as that for water. The state of solid X after solving in water depends on the nature of the substance and the heat and pressure conditions, but usually a solid dissolved in water will become part of the solution in a process called solvation.
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