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Answer :
Final answer:
When air is heated, it undergoes thermal expansion, meaning it expands and becomes less dense. This reduction in density causes heated air to rise relative to its cooler surroundings, a principle known as buoyancy. This buoyancy drives the process of convection.
Explanation:
When air is heated, it expands and becomes less dense. This is a principle called thermal expansion. For instance, let's consider the wall of a balloon with different temperature gases inside than outside in the environment. The hotter, and thus faster moving gas particles inside the balloon strike the surface with more force than the cooler air outside, causing the balloon to expand. This decrease in density relative to its environment creates buoyancy (the tendency to rise). This principle drives convection-hot air rises because it is less dense than the surrounding air.
Another everyday example of thermal expansion is the expansion of air in a bicycle tire left in the sun on a hot day. The heated air within the tire expands and can cause a blowout. Similar to a balloon, the warmer air inside the tire is less dense and therefore exerts more pressure on the tire walls.
So, the missing word in your question is: 'When air is heated it expands and rises.'
Learn more about Thermal Expansion here:
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